Business2026/27

What is Overlap Profits? UK Definition 2026/27

Verified by ICAEW, ACCA & AAT
Updated April 2026

Quick Answer

Profits taxed twice due to accounting year rules - can be deducted on cessation.

Definition of Overlap Profits

Overlap profits occurred when self-employed individuals were taxed on the same profits twice due to basis period rules (profits taxed in opening years and again in later years). The basis period reform from April 2024 eliminated this going forward. Existing overlap relief can be deducted in the transition year (2023/24) or on cessation.

Overlap Profits — Key Facts for 2026/27

Reform dateApril 2024
Transition year2023/24
Relief availableOn cessation
New basisTax year basis

How Overlap Profits Works — Example

Overlap relief on cessation
  1. 1Overlap profits from start-up: £10,000
  2. 2Business ceased 2026
  3. 3Final year profits: £30,000
  4. 4Less overlap relief: -£10,000
  5. 5Taxable final year: £20,000

How Overlap Profits Affects Your Tax

The basis period reform simplified self-employment taxation but created a transition where extra profits were taxable in 2023/24. Overlap relief helped offset this. Going forward, all self-employed pay tax on the tax year basis.

Official HMRC Guidance on Overlap Profits

For official guidance, refer to HMRC's documentation. Tax rules can change, so always verify current rates and thresholds on gov.uk.

HMRC: Basis period reform

Frequently Asked Questions about Overlap Profits

Accuracy Note

This information is for guidance only and is based on 2026/27 tax year rates. Tax rules are complex and your circumstances may differ. For personal advice, consult a qualified accountant or tax adviser.